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Home / Vol. 4, No. 2 (2026) / Analysis of Most Common Conceptual Metaphors Used in Boko Haram Discourse
Hausa Diamond Open Access (CC BY 4.0) Google Scholar Indexed pp. 114–128

Analysis of Most Common Conceptual Metaphors Used in Boko Haram Discourse

ALHAJI MODU TIJJANI
IBRAHIM AWWAL & ADAM AL-AMIN ABDULLAHI
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Abstract

This study examines the most frequently used conceptual metaphors by
Boko Haram in their discourse. The study employs Extended Conceptual
Metaphor Theory (Kovecses, 2002) as its theoretical framework. The study
finds that the insurgents frequently use metaphors that are related to self
defence as well as metaphors that concealed their communication which
help them recruit new members for indoctrination. The study concludes that
the insurgents have explored language and create meaning from metaphor
as a weapon for their attacks. The study highlights security relevance as it
revealed how the insurgents manipulate language to perpetrate attacks and
escape attacks. This serves as a veritable source of information on how to
curb the menace. The study also highlights social relevance as it
established a link to bridge the communication gap that exists between the
insurgents and the people of the community.

Keywords: Insurgents, Metaphors, Discourse, Conversation, Conceal.

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8 Formats Available
APA 7th Edition

TIJJANI, A. M., ABDULLAHI, I. A. &. A. A. (2026). Analysis of Most Common Conceptual Metaphors Used in Boko Haram Discourse. Rumfa Journal of Arts, Vol. 4(No. 2), 114–128. https://doi.org/10.5281/rumfa.2026.2952

MLA 9th Edition

ALHAJI MODU TIJJANI, IBRAHIM AWWAL & ADAM AL-AMIN ABDULLAHI. "Analysis of Most Common Conceptual Metaphors Used in Boko Haram Discourse." Rumfa Journal of Arts, vol. Vol. 4, no. No. 2, 2026, pp. 114–128, https://doi.org/10.5281/rumfa.2026.2952

Chicago 17th Edition

ALHAJI MODU TIJJANI, IBRAHIM AWWAL & ADAM AL-AMIN ABDULLAHI. "Analysis of Most Common Conceptual Metaphors Used in Boko Haram Discourse." Rumfa Journal of Arts Vol. 4, no. No. 2 (2026): 114–128. https://doi.org/10.5281/rumfa.2026.2952

Harvard Reference Format

TIJJANI, A. M., ABDULLAHI, I. A. &. A. A. 2026, 'Analysis of Most Common Conceptual Metaphors Used in Boko Haram Discourse', Rumfa Journal of Arts, vol. Vol. 4, no. No. 2, pp. 114–128, available at:

IEEE Format

ALHAJI MODU TIJJANI, IBRAHIM AWWAL & ADAM AL-AMIN ABDULLAHI, "Analysis of Most Common Conceptual Metaphors Used in Boko Haram Discourse," Rumfa Journal of Arts, vol. Vol. 4, no. No. 2, pp. 114–128, 2026, doi: 10.5281/rumfa.2026.2952

BibTeX Export 
@article{alhaji2026Analysis,
  title={{Analysis of Most Common Conceptual Metaphors Used in Boko Haram Discourse}},
  author={{ALHAJI MODU TIJJANI and IBRAHIM AWWAL & ADAM AL-AMIN ABDULLAHI}},
  journal={{Rumfa Journal of Arts}},
  volume={{Vol. 4}},
  number={{No. 2}},
  pages={{114–128}},
  year={{2026}},
  publisher={{Department of Arts and Humanities, School of Continuing Education, Bayero University, Kano}},
  doi={{10.5281/rumfa.2026.2952}}
}
RIS (EndNote / Mendeley / Zotero) 
TY  - JOUR
AU  - ALHAJI MODU TIJJANI
AU  - IBRAHIM AWWAL & ADAM AL-AMIN ABDULLAHI
TI  - Analysis of Most Common Conceptual Metaphors Used in Boko Haram Discourse
JO  - Rumfa Journal of Arts
VL  - Vol. 4
IS  - No. 2
SP  - 114
EP  - 128
PY  - 2026
DO  - 10.5281/rumfa.2026.2952
ER  -